Beginner’s friendly instrument usually the next tier from student models, ie entry level bass. A few makes and models stands out to me. Yamaha trbx 504, BB 434 or BB734A. Sire P5, V5, Z3 or Z7 oh! M5. Squier classic vibe series P or J.
Basses can range from $350-650 new. If you buy from Sweetwater they’d also do a quick once over on your instrument and send you a small bag of candy along with it.
The fore mentioned models are pretty much worry free and plus well right out of the box. There’s no fret sprout poking out no build quality issues
Amp. My first thing would be the Katana Go and a decent pair of headphones. But if you have the fund to start I highly recommend the Katana 110. It will grow with you and can last you quite some times.
The 110 can be a stand alone amp or use it with the Boss app. For $40 more you can add a Bluetooth dongle and stream your music to your amp and fully utilize the app with your phone and tablet. Although I highly recommend that you play your audio on a separate audio source. It’s much better that way.
When you are ready to dip your toes into the world of effects you’d be glad to know that the 110 offers you the integrated effects you can use your app or buy a multi switch foot switch to complete your transformation 
It seems like the past few weeks I made Boss quite a few new customers though my PM and postings. Myself included. I have absolutely no need for extra amp but I’m now own not only one but 2 katana 110.
While I highly recommend getting a new bass but the amp you can buy them used or open box.
Save some for necessity like tuners, look into Peterson strobe tuners. It will be the last brand you’d buy. It’s so accurate that they have to offer the “Sweetened “ tuning less accurate tuning so that it sounds better in the mix. 
Get yourself some decent tools from music nomad or stewmac. Just the basic ones. And extra set of either Ernie ball slinky or fender 45 or both if they are on sale
Once you know your way around bass set aside $200 and keep your eyes out for a cheap used Squier. It should be around $75-160. That’s where your education on maintenance would come from. It will be the best couple of hundreds you’d ever spend on bass.
The example below are the 3 Squiers I paid less than $250 each from ProAudioStar when they were on sale. Rule number one, buy the bass when they are one sale not when you need one 